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2018洛陽小升初必備英語語法整理(一)(2)

來源:家長幫論壇洛陽站 文章作者:憂郁的藍(lán)胖子 2018-03-31 22:56:33

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  4.表示"在……范圍以外","越出……界限之外"

  The ship is out of sight.船已看不見了。

  They sang out of tune.他們唱得走了調(diào)。

  This plan is out of the ordinary.這是一個(gè)非凡的計(jì)劃。

  5.表示"出于……動機(jī)","由于……原因"

  The traffic accident was out of carelessness in driving.這起交通事故是由于粗心駕駛所致。

  The treatment of the topic is out of necessity much condensed.由于需要,關(guān)于這個(gè)問題的闡述已大加壓縮。

  6.表示竭盡和缺乏

  We are out of tea.我們的茶葉用完了。

  This book is out of print.這本書絕版了。

  That novel is out of stock.那本小說脫銷了。

  7.表示材料或來源

  He made the box out of old planks.他用舊木板做了箱子。

  This paragraph is out of Marx's works in the original.這一段引自馬克思原著。

  8.與某些動詞連用,表示"放棄","喪失"

  He talked his wife out of buying a new bicycle.他說服他的妻子不要買新自行車。

  I couldn't persuade him out of the resolution.我沒能說服他改變決心。

  另外,out of與其他詞可以構(gòu)成許多非常有用的、常見的固定詞組,這些詞組有:out of accord with(與……不一致;同……不協(xié)調(diào)), out of action(失去作用,停止運(yùn)動),out of all relation to(和……毫無關(guān)系),out of balance(失去平衡),out of breath(上氣不接下氣),out of character(不相稱,不適當(dāng)),out of control(失去控制),out of date(過時(shí)),out of doubt(確定無疑),out of fashion(不合時(shí)尚),out of gear(脫節(jié),失調(diào)),out of harmony(不和諧),out of kindness(出于好意),out of necessity(出于必要),out oforder(不整齊,次序顛倒),out of one's power(力所不及),out of place(不適當(dāng),不相稱),out of question(毫無疑問),out of the question(不可能,成問題)out of shape(變形),out of step(失調(diào),不同步),out of sympathy with(出于對……的同情),out of touch with(與…… 脫離接觸),out of true(不誠實(shí),不準(zhǔn)確),out of work(失業(yè))等。

  3.

  用來說明主句中某一名詞或代詞(有時(shí)也可說明整個(gè)主句或主句中一部分)而起定語作用的句子叫作定語從句。

  一.詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

  1. 關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞

  句子成分  用于限制從句或非限制性從句   只用于限制性從句

  代替人    代替物      代替人或物

  主語  Who        which        that

  主語  Whom       which        that

  賓語  Whose(=of whom)  whose(=of which)

  例1:This is the detective who came from London.

  例2:The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.

  例3:The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

  例4:This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.

  2.關(guān)系代詞的用法

  (1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代詞,關(guān)系代詞一般只用that,不用which。例如:

  All the people that are present burst into tears.

  (2) 如果先等詞被形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等詞修飾,關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which, who,或whom。例如:

  (3) 非限制性定語從句中,不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。例如:

  There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
 

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