分詞

　　1.分詞的性質(zhì)：

　　具有形容詞性質(zhì)，可以在句中擔(dān)任表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)、狀語(yǔ)，現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)，且動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行：過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，或動(dòng)作已完成。

　　2.分詞的形式：

　　例： write (vt) rise (vi)

　　主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主動(dòng) 過(guò)去分詞

　　時(shí)態(tài)

　　現(xiàn)在時(shí) writing being written rising risen /

　　完成時(shí) having written having been written having risen /

　　3.分詞的用法：

　　(1)定語(yǔ) 分詞置于被修飾名詞前

　　分詞短語(yǔ)于置于被修飾名詞后

　　a sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping

　　a running dog = a dog which is running

　　a broken glass = a glass which is broken

　　a beaten team = a team which is beaten(beaten 是被打敗的意思)

　　This is the problem discussed at the last meeting.

　　The problem being discussed is very important.

　　(2)表語(yǔ)：The book is interesting.

　　He is interested in the book.

　　The news is exciting.

　　He feels excited.

　　(3)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

　　When I woke up, I found my mother sitting beside me.

　　I'd like to havethis package weighed.

　　掌握精髓：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，而現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行;過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)概念。