計(jì)算答案:
這個(gè)和式中的每一項(xiàng)都是兩個(gè)數(shù)的乘積,把各乘積的前一個(gè)數(shù)依次排在一起構(gòu)成一個(gè)公差為2的等差數(shù)列,把各乘積的后一個(gè)數(shù)依次排在一起構(gòu)成一個(gè)公比是0.5的等比數(shù)列,這種數(shù)列通常稱為混合數(shù)列,它的求和方法也采用"錯(cuò)位相減法".
解答:設(shè)S=1×0.5+3×(0.5)2+5×(0.5)3+…+17×(0.5)9+19×(0.5)10 (1)
用2乘以上式的兩邊可得
2S=1+3×0.5+5×(0.5)2+7×(0.5)3+…+17×(0.5)8+19×(0.5)9 (2)
用(2)式減去(1)式的兩邊,得
S=1+2×0.5+2×(0.5)2+2×(0.5)3+…+2×(0.5)8+2×(0.5)9-19×(0.5)10
=1+1+0.5+(0.5)2+…+(0.5)7+(0.5)8-19×(0.5)10
再設(shè) A=1+0.5+(0.5)2+…+(0.5)7+(0.5)8 (3)
用2乘以(3)式的兩邊可得:
2A=2+1+0.5+…+(0.5)7
(4)
用(4)式減去(3)式兩邊,得
A=2-(0.5)8=2-0.00390625=1.99609375
于是,有:
S=1+1.99609375-19×(0.5)10
=2.99609375-19×0.0009765625
=2.99609375-0.0185546875
=2.9775390625.