8. 不定式和-ing分詞作賓語補語的區(qū)別：

　　在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官動詞后，既可用-ing分詞構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，也可用不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語，兩者之間有一定的區(qū)別。用-ing分詞時，表示動作正在進行；用不定式時，表示動作發(fā)生了，即動作的全過程結(jié)束了。如：

　　Do you hear someone knocking at the door? (Someone is knocking at the door.) 有人在敲門你聽見了嗎？

　　Do you hear someone knock at the door? (Someone knocked at the door just now.) 你聽見有人敲門了嗎？

　　9. 高中階段常見的帶介詞to的短語，后接-ing分詞或名詞。如：

　　admit to（承認）, contribute to（捐助、貢獻）, get down to（著手做）, give way to（讓位于），keep to （堅持、遵守）, lead to （導(dǎo)致）,look forward to（期待）, take to（從事）, turn to （求助于）, stick to（忠于、堅持）, point to（指向、表明）, see to （注意、處理）, be used to （習(xí)慣于）, devote oneself to （獻身于）, be equal to （勝任的、等于）, be familiar to （為……熟悉）.

　　高中階段有一些固定的-ing分詞短語，如generally speaking（一般來說）, judging from…（根據(jù)……來判斷）, considering…（考慮到……）, talking of…（談到……，提到……）, supposing…（假如……）等，它們的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致。這種短語可以被稱之為句子的狀語，也可當(dāng)作一個插入語。如：

　　Judging from his accent, he must come from Canada. 從他的口音看他一定來自加拿大。

　　Considering how poor he was, we decided to let him attend the concert for free.

　　考慮到他是多么的窮，我們決定讓他免費聽音樂會。

　　Exercises:

　　1. The officers narrowly escaped ___________in the hot battle.

　　A. have killed B. to kill C. to be killed D. being killed

　　2.___________ the letter, he went out to post it.

　　A. Writing B. Being writing C. Having written D. Written

　　3. Don't you remember ___________ ?

　　A. seeing the man before B. to see the man before

　　C. saw the man before D. to have seen the man before

　　4. People couldn't help ___________ the foolish emperor in the procession.

　　A. laugh at B. to laugh at C. laughing at D. laughing on

　　5. We're looking forward ___________ the photo exhibition.

　　A. to visiting B. to visit C. to having visited D. visiting

　　6. The girl ___________ under that tree is my sister.

　　A. sitting B. sits C. is sitting D. sat

　　7. This sentence needs ___________ .

　　A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved

　　8. ___________ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual..

　　A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing

　　9. The next morning she found the man ___________ in bed, dead.

　　A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

　　10. There was terrible noise ___________ the sudden burst of light.

　　A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed

　　11. The secretary worked late into the night, ___________ a long speech for the president.

　　A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

　　12. "Can't you read?" Mary said ___________ to the notice.

　　A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing

　　13. How about two of us ___________ a walk down the garden?

　　A. to take B. take C. taking D. to be taking

　　14. ---I must apologize for ___________ahead of time. ---That's all right.

　　A. letting you not know B. not letting you know

　　C. letting you know not D. letting not you know

　　15. ---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting. ---Well, now I regret ___________ that.

　　A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done

　　16. Would you ___________ me your identification card, sir?

　　A. mind to show B. mind showing C. trouble to show D. trouble showing

　　17. He suggested ___________ on Saturday.

　　A. to have a meeting B. having a meeting C. a meeting to have D. that having a meeting

　　18. It is no good ___________ to come now. He is busy.

　　A. if you ask him B. to ask him C. asking him D. that you ask him

　　19. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ___________ late for his lecture.

　　A. to have students B. for students to be

　　C. for students' being D. to students' being

　　20. He dressed himself quickly and ___________ his schoolbag, went to school.

　　A. carried B. to carry C. carrying D. carries

　　21. ___________ for several weeks, the city needed food.

　　A. As having flooded B. being flooded C. Having been flooded D. To flood

　　22. ___________ ill worried my parents greatly.

　　A. I fell B. Me falling C. My falling D. I falling

　　23. She is writing a letter to a friend of hers, ___________ him to attend the meeting.

　　A. having invited B. inviting C. to invite D. invited

　　24. Our town has dozens of factories, ___________several saw mills.

　　A. included B. are including C. are included D. including

　　25. ___________ the classroom, the students went to the playground to watch the football match.

　　A. To clean B. Having cleaned C. Cleaned D. Cleaning

　　1.（北京) ________in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.

　　A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited

　　2.(上海) According to a recent U.S. survey, children spent up to 25 hours a week ______TV.

　　A. to watch B. to watch C. watching D. watch

　　3.(上海) The flu is believed _______ be viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

　　A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused

　　4.(上海) The flowers ______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

　　A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt

　　5.(天津) Don’t leave the water ______ while you brush your teeth.

　　A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

　　6.(重慶) They see you as something of a worrier, ______ problems which don’t exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them.

　　A. settling B. discovering C. seeing D. designing

　　7.(福建)The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______ the film stars had left.

　　A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told

　　8.(湖南) You were silly not _____ your car.

　　A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked

　　9.(江蘇) The man insisted _______ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.

　　A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding

　　10.(江蘇) The old man, _______ abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland.

　　A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked

　　1-5 D C A C D 6---10 A C D A B

　　11---15 B A C B D 16---20 B B C D C 21---25 C C B D B

　　1—10 CCCBB CBBCD